Investigation of the structure of shock waves in loose and monolithic andesite by laser interferometry
https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5067-2025-2-55-65
Abstract
Aim is to characterize andesite, a volcanic mineral similar in structure and chemical composition to lunar regolith, under shock compression conditions at loading speeds of up to 800 m/s.
Methodology. Flat andesite samples were subjected to a one-dimensional impact by a striker accelerated in a pneumatic throwing device. The laser Doppler interferometry method was used to measure the velocity profiles of the free surface of the samples when a shock compression wave was released onto it in the pressure range from 0.5 to 1.9 GPa. The time of compression wave passage in samples of a given thickness was measured.
Results. For the first time, Hugoniot adiabats were obtained for bulk samples (with an average grain size of (80–90) microns, with grain sizes from 400 microns to several hundred nanometers) and monolithic andesite at relatively low impact velocities from 250 to 800 m/s. The surface velocity profiles at the ‘sample – diagnostic window’ boundary at the moment of the shock compression wave exit were obtained. A comparison with the Martian regolith analogue was made. It has been found that at mass velocities less than 350 m/s, a region of adiabatic compression occurs, in which only deformation of the substance without phase transitions in it takes place. At a pressure of 1.9 GPa, an elastic precursor was detected, which is typical for the region of elastic deformation.
Research implications. The results obtained are important for the development of engineering and numerical models of the properties of lunar soils in the interaction of landers with them in upcoming expeditions.
Keywords
analog of lunar soil,
andesite,
plastic deformation,
precursor,
shock adiabatic,
velocity profile,
VISAR
Supporting agencies: The study was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (state assignment No. 075-01129-23-00).
About the Authors
V. S. Ziborov
Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vadim S. Ziborov – Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Researcher; Laboratory No. 6.2. – Shock Wave Effects
Moscow
T. A. Rostilov
Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Timofei A. Rostilov – Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Research Assistant, Laboratory No. 6.2. – Shock Wave Effects
Moscow
G. G. Dolnikov
Space Research Institute
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Gennadiy Gen. Dolnikov – Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Leading Engineer, Department of Physics of Planets and Small Bodies of the Solar System
Moscow
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